Early settlers of Iowa, primarily hunters and trappers, were the first to explore the state's vast wilderness, utilizing its rivers for transportation and its forests for shelter. As the state developed, so did its outdoor recreational activities. Fishing became popular as early as the 1800s with the introduction of commercial fishing operations on the Mississippi River. Hunting also grew in popularity during this time, with deer and wild turkey being among the most sought-after game.
In the early 20th century, Iowa began to see a shift towards conservation and preservation of its natural resources. The creation of state parks provided residents with places to hike, camp, fish, and hunt while also preserving important habitats for wildlife. Today, Iowa boasts over 70 state parks that offer a wide range of outdoor activities.
Iowa's outdoor recreational history is not just about hunting and fishing though. The state is home to some of the most extensive bike trail networks in the country. The development of these trails began in earnest in the late 20th century as abandoned railroad lines were repurposed into recreational paths.
Iowa is a rather large agricultural state with $34.7B of ag production, and roughly 62.5% of the land privately owned by farmers and ranchers. The major crops are corn, hogs, soybeans, and cow/calf production. When planning hunting trips to Iowa on private lands like farms & ranches, it's important to understand some key dates for farmers and ranchers.
Ranchers in this region usually do their calving, brandings and vaccinations anywhere from February through June and will ship cattle in late fall. During these times, they are extremely busy and may be harder to communicate with. Farmers in Iowa will usually begin planting their crops in late April through June and then will harvest their crops in September, depending on weather.
Popular outdoor activities in Iowa
One of the most popular activities in Iowa is fishing. With over 99 counties boasting well-stocked bodies of water, anglers can expect an abundant catch ranging from largemouth bass to catfish and walleye. The Mississippi River bordering the state's east side and the Missouri River on the west also provide excellent fishing opportunities.
Hunting is another favored pastime in Iowa, known for its populations of white-tailed deer and wild turkey. The state's managed hunting lands offer prime habitats for these species, making Iowa a top destination for both bow and gun hunters.
For those who prefer non-consumptive outdoor activities, Iowa's extensive trail system beckons hikers and bikers alike. The High Trestle Trail with its iconic 130-foot high bridge offers stunning views of the Des Moines River Valley. Meanwhile, Maquoketa Caves State Park provides spelunking enthusiasts with fascinating underground exploration.
Water sports enthusiasts aren't left out either; Iowa's numerous lakes and rivers are perfect for kayaking, canoeing, and paddleboarding. Whether you're an avid angler, hunter, hiker or paddler - Iowa has something to offer every outdoor adventurer.
Popular counties for outdoor activities in Iowa
Johnson County, home to Coralville Lake and its surrounding parks, offers abundant opportunities for boating, fishing, and camping. It's a hotspot for catching bass and crappies. With miles of trails winding through woodlands and prairies, it's also a paradise for hikers and bird watchers.
In the northern part of the state lies Winneshiek County. Its unique topography of rolling hills and bluffs along the Upper Iowa River make it ideal for canoeing or kayaking. The county is also home to the famous Trout Run Trail - a haven for trout fishing enthusiasts.
Pottawattamie County in western Iowa is another must-visit destination. It boasts the Hitchcock Nature Center that offers hiking trails with panoramic views of the Loess Hills. Hunting enthusiasts will appreciate the county's rich population of white-tailed deer and wild turkeys.
Lastly, Polk County in central Iowa. Its extensive network of biking trails like High Trestle Trail attracts cyclists from all over the country. Moreover, Saylorville Lake and Des Moines River provide excellent spots for fishing, boating, and water skiing.
Whether you're into hunting, fishing, hiking or water sports - these counties in Iowa offer diverse landscapes and wildlife that cater to all types of outdoor activities.